Sun and Tanning
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Although it is possible that you tan for aesthetic reasons, it is not to bronze your statuesque physique. Tans provide natural protection against the sun's ultraviolet radiation, which can cause sunburn and skin tissue destruction (as well as cause cancer in the long-run). When skin cells are exposed to ultraviolet light, some of them produce the pigment melanin, which darkens as it oxidizes. The cells in your skin's surface will migrate closer to the surface if you spend enough time at the beach, producing more melanin and darkening your skin even more. It's no surprise that our bodies have evolved to produce melanin in order to protect us from the sun. The pigment absorbs ultraviolet radiation and prevents it from penetrating deeper into the skin tissue. Melanin is a pigment that performs a number of roles in various animals. It has the ability to absorb heat, which is essential for cold-blooded animals. It camouflages nocturnal species by tinting bird feathers, fish scales, and squid ink to look like they are daytime creatures. Melanin can even aid in the sharpening of vision by absorbing scattered light within the eyeball. However, it appears that only humans are willing to put their skins in danger in exchange for a little additional surface pigment. The First Breakthrough The usage of a novel medication, according to early study, has the potential to give human skin the appearance of a "natural" tan by stimulating the same mechanism that causes skin to darken in the sun, but without subjecting the skin to damaging ultraviolet (UV) rays. The medication was applied to human skin samples in a lab dish, and researchers discovered that it darkened the skin by increasing the synthesis of the pigment melanin, which is responsible for skin pigmentation. Aside from that, the medicine does not cause DNA damage, in contrast to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. A significant amount of more research is required to determine whether the drug is safe before it can be used in humans, according to the researchers' findings. Scientists are hopeful, however, that the medication will prevent individuals from skin cancer because the presence of melanin in the skin has been associated with a decreased chance of developing the disease. Second Breakthrough
Scientists have discovered how human skin cells regulate pigmentation, which might lead to the development of safer methods of tanning and lightening the skin. A recent study revealed that estrogen and progesterone, which are among the most significant female endocrine factors, might have an impact on skin tone. Progesterone has a lightening effect on the skin, whereas estrogen has a darkening effect. Despite the fact that this has been recognized to a limited extent earlier, a recent study has found two cellular receptors that appear to govern this process in melanocytes, which are skin cells, according to the researchers. Scientists have identified two chemicals that are structurally similar to estrogen and progesterone and that can activate these receptors to produce tanning and lightening without triggering any of the other physiological changes that estrogen and progesterone are known to cause. Creams containing these molecules may one day be available to help people who have medical conditions that produce uneven skin tone or who want to darken or lighten their skin for cosmetic reasons without having to resort to hazardous bleaching chemicals or UV radiation in the process.
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